Hydraulic cartridge.



'D. V. SICKMAN. HYDRAULIC CARTRIDGE. APPLICATION FILED AUG.3. 1915.

amvemlb'c j z CZif/eli Patented Sept. 10,1918.

6 SHEETSSHEET 1.

D. V. SICKMAN.

HYDRAULIC CARTRIDGE.

APPLICATION FIL ED Aue.3.1915.

Patented Sept. 10, 1918.

6 SHEETSSHEET 2.

W Z i y a m W M a. a 5 4 5 I H fl y W 9/ 6 M D. V. SICKMAN.

HYDRAULIC CARTRIDGE.

APPLICATION FILED AUG-3.1915.

' Patented Sept. 10, 1918.

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'DAvY VANCE SICKMAN, or DENVER, COLORADO.

HYDRAULIC CARTRIDGE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Sept. to, 1918.

Application filed August 3, 1915. Serial No. 43,380.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, DAvY VANCE SICKMAN,

a citizen of the United States, residing at the city and countyof Denver and State of Colorado, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Hydraulic Cartridges. and do declareithe following to be a.

vide a construction of this class equipped for automatically cutting off the liquid or other fluid from the cartridge when a piston member has been projected to the desired degree. This construction includes suitable valve mechanism connected with the piston member, the valve being closedwhen the piston member reaches its outward limit of movement. Provision isfurther made, in case the valve should fail to completely out (iii the. actuating fluid, whereby the piston ma v move somewhat farther, this auxiliary movement resulting in uncovering an escape port for the actuating fluid, thus relieving the piston member from the pressure incident to its working movement and preventing in ur to the cartridge.

It is evident that this improvement may be employed in connection with cartridges having a single piston member in each chamber. or where the pistons are telescoping and ot' the reaction type as set forth in m prov-ions appli 'ation Serial No. 38,856, filed .lul 9, 1915, v

llaving briefly outlined my present improvement. T will proceed to describe the same in detail. reference being made to the :u-eompanying drawing, in which is illus-' trated an embodiment thereof. In this draws ing Figure 1 is an underneath view of a hydraulic cartridge equipped with my improvement. or a view looking in the direction ofarrow 1. Fig. 4.

Fig. 2 is :rdetail elevation partly broken away and showing one of the piston members oi" the telescoping construction of piston employed in the cartridge. shown in Fig. 1.

FigiB-is a sectional detail view of the wall located between the two piston members in the telescoping style of piston disclosed in Fig. 1. In. this view a valve cooperating with the piston members is shown in elevation.

Fig. 4 is a vertical section taken on the llne 4-7, Fig. 1, viewed in the direction of the arrow 4, the parts being shown on a larger scale In this'view the two members of the telescoping piston have just commenced their outward travel.

. Fig. 5 is a cross section of the cartridge taken on the line Fig. 1 looking toward the right, the parts being-shown on a larger scale.

Fig. 6 is a deta-ilfview partly-in section illustrating the piston member cooperating with that shown in Fig. 2', these two views illustrating a piston composed; of the two telescoping members.

Fig. 7 is a section taken on the line 47,

Fig. 1,.showing the piston members after having reached the points in their travel where a. ;valve member for cutting off the passage of fluid to thepressure surface of one of sait'l'members is in the closed position.

Fig. 8v is a section showing a modified form of construction. This is a section taken lt-mgitudinally of a cartridge, the section line being indicated at 88, Fig. 9 lookingt oward the right.

Fig. 9 is a cross section of a cartridge taken on the line 9-9, Fig. 8.

Fig. 10 is a horizontal section taken on the line 1010, Fig. 9.

Fig. 11 is an end view of'the valve member of the form of piston shown in Figs. 8 and t), being a view looking in the direction of arrow 11, Fig. 8.

Fig. 12 is a section similar to Fig. 7, but illustrating a modified form of construction.

The section line in this view is designated Y 1212, in Fig. 13 the view being toward the member 6 is composed of a head 4, an upwardly projecting cylindrical wall 8, a hollow centrally located valve part 9, and two columnslO which are secured to the head, the latter being approximately rectangular in shape as indicated in Fig. 1. The piston' member 7 is composed of an upwardly projecting head 12 and a depending cylindrical wall 13, the lower portion of this wall being equipped with a collar 14 below which is located a gasket 15 held in place by a nut 16. Between the upper surface of the collar 14 and the head 12, this member 7 is provided on opposite sides with guide tongues 17 which engage. counterpart grooves 18 formed in a ring 19 threaded into the upper extremity of a stationary cylindrical wall 20 which spaces walls 13 and 8 of the two piston members. The ring 19 engages the upper surface of the collar 14, when the piston member 7 is at its upward and outward limit of movement. understood that durin the projection of the two piston members, they move in opposite directions, the member 7 upwardly and the member 6 downwardly. The wall 13 of the member 7' being annularly arranged within and surrounded by an interposed wall 20, while the wall 8 of the piston- 6 surrounds the interposed wall 20 and moves in contact therewith. The lower extremity of the interposed wall 20 is provided with a gasket or cup leather 21 which is held in place by a nut 22, a metal washer 23 bein employed between the nut and the gasket. lhis gasket 21 engages the inner surface of the wall 8 of the piston member 6 and forms a' water tight joint between the wall 8 and the wall 20. Threaded into a threaded opening 24 formed on the inner surface of an interiorly' projecting collar 25 at the lower extremity of the interposed wall 20, is an annularly" arranged sleeve or barrel 26 which is surrounded by an annular space 27 in which the wall 13 of the piston member moves during the projection of said member. The cham ber 28 within the sleeve 26, is in communication with the chamber 27 by a port 29. The sleeve 26 is further provided with a port 30 located below the ring 22. The sleeve 26 is closed at the top as shown at 31 and open at the bottom as shown at 32. The part 31 of the sleeve is provided at the top with a port '33 in communication with a passage 34 which extends outwardly and downwardly through the wall of the sleeve, its lower extremity communicating by a port 35 with the annular space 28.

It will thus be Within this space 28 'is located an auxiliary valve 46 having a head 36 below which is located a cup leather 37 held in place by a nut 38. This valve is provided with a relatively long stem 39 extending downwardly from the head 36, its lower extremity being equipped with an exteriorly projecting collar 40.

When the parts of the cartridge are as,- sembled, the valve 9' of the piston 6 is located within the annular space 28 of the sleeve 26. The upper extremity of this valve 9 is provided with a cup leather or gasket 41 which is held in place by screw 42 which is threaded into the Valve 9 which is hollow and interiorly threaded at the top for the purpose. The gasket 41 closely engages the inner surface of the sleeve 26 and forms a liquid tight joint. The auxiliary valve 46 is located within the annular space 28 of the sleeve 26 and its stem 39 is surrounded by the valve 9 of the piston 6. The screw 42 closely engages the outer surface 4 of the stem 39, while the collar 40 of the valve stem fits closely within the space surrounded by the valve 9 of the piston member 6. The upper extremity of the valve stem 39 is provided with a transverse perforation 43 which is in communication with a central longitudinal passage 44 extending downwardly through the stem of the valve and open at the lower extremity thereof.

Each column 10 of the piston member 6 is I hollow and provided at its upper extremity with a gasket 45 which is held in place by a screw 47 threaded into the interiorly threaded upper extremity of the column. The upper end of each column is provided with an exteriorly projecting collar 48 which closely fits a chamber 49 formed in the cartridge bar. When the piston member is in the closed position, there is an annular space 50 between the lower surface of the collar 48 and the upper extremity of a short sleeve or nut 51 which enters the lower extremity of the chamber 50, being threaded into the bar from below, the latter being interiorly threaded for the purpose. The upper surface of this sleeve is arranged in opposing relation to the lower surface of the collar 48. A relatively heavy spirally arranged spring 52 surrounds the column 10 above the stop sleeve 51. The lower extremity of each column 10 is threaded into an opening 53 formed in the head 4, of this piston member.

Arranged within each chamber 49, is a valve 54 having a head 55 at its upper extremity which fills the chamber 49 and is provided with a gasket 56 held in place by nuts 57. This valve has'a reduced stem 58 which is surrounded and closely engaged by a slip nut 47 of the column. The lower extremity of this valve stem is equipped with an exteriorly projecting collar 59 which fits closely within the column. Between the screw 47 and the upper surface of the collar '59, there is an annular space when the ,piston member 6 is at its upward limit of gages the upper surface of the collar 59, and

as the piston member reaches its normal limit of outward travel, the nut 47 of the column engages the shoulder 59 of the valve,

and the collar 48 of the column engages the spring 52. The motive .fluid for actuating the piston members enters the upper extremities of the chambers 49 by way of passages 62 whichcommunicates with a longitudinal passage 63 (see Fig. 5). It must be understood that the motive fluid for piston projecting purposes, enters the two chambers 49 above the columns 10, there being two passages 62 for each piston, these passages communicating respectively with the upper extremities of the chambers 49 in which the columns 10 are located.

Each valvestem 58 is centrally provided with a longitudinal passage 64 which is open at its lower extremity and communicates at its upper extremity with a transverse perforation 65 which extends through the upper extremity of the stem 58, whereby both extremities of this perforation are in communication with the upper extremity of the chamber 49 above the top of the column 10.

From the foregoing description the operation of the invention as thus far .described and so far as the construction disclosed in Figs. 1 to 7 is concerned, is as follows. The motive fluid as water, is supplied to the cartridge through a conduit 66 having a passage 67 which communicates with a port 68 in the forward extremity of the bar. This port communicates with a transverse passage 69 which registers with the passage 63 formed in a tube 71 set into the side of the bar. The water flows through the passages 62 into the upper extremities of the chambers 49' and thence through the perforations 65 into the passages 64 of the valve stems 58 and thence downwardly into the :=wer extremities of the chambers 60, thence through a transverse passage 72 formed in the head 4 of the piston 6, thence through a port 73 formed in the lower extremity of the valve 9, into the lower extremity of the space or chamber 74 within the valve 9,

thence upwardly through the passage 44 in the stem 39, to the perforation 43 and thence into the upper extremity of the chamber 28 and thencethrough a port 75 into the passage 34 which extends both upwardly and downwardly from this port. The upper portion of the passage 34 leads to the upper extremity of the chamber 76 surrounded by the wall 13 of the piston member 7. The

water enter-ingthe upper extremity of this chamber, acts on the'inner surfaceiof the head of the piston member 7 and serves to project the latter, moving it "in an upward direction.

From the port 75, the water travels downwardly in the passage 34 and thence through a port 35 into the chamber 28, around the valve 9 of the piston 6, the water in this case entering a shallow annular passage 77 surrounding the valve 9, and thence through the port 29 in the sleeve 26 into the lower extremity of the annular space 27, where it acts on the lower extremity of the piston member 7 for projecting purposes. Furthermore the water which enters the shallow annular space77, also passes through the port 30 into the lower extremity of a chamber 79 inelosed'by the cylindrical wall 8 of the piston member 6. Thewater when in this position, acts upon the inner surface of the head of the piston member 6 and serves to )roject the latter. When this piston mem er 6 reaches the position shown 1.11 Fig. 7, whereby the lower extremity of the screw 42 engages the upper surfaceof the collar 40 of the valve stem 39, the gasket 41 closes the inner extremity-of the port 30 and cuts off the flow of motive fluid to the chamber 79 and consequently prevents this fluid from. passing to the pressure surface of the piston member 6, causing this member to cease its outward movement. At the same time the collar 14 of the piston member 7 willhave reached the stop ring 19 of the interposed wall 20 which prevents further outward movement of this member.

If, however, by any possibility the motive fluid should leak pastthe gasket 41 and reach the pressure surface of the piston member 6 to further actuate this member, the columns 10 will be actuated sufliciently by virtue of. the yielding capacity of the springs 52 tofiuncover relief ports 80 formed inthe cartridge bar and communicating.

with the chambers 49,- thus allowing the pressure surfaces of ithepiston 6. During,

the normal workingof the cartridge and its pistons or when the piston member 6 ceases its movement due 'totheclosing of the port 30 by the gasket 41, the relief ports 80 remain closed by the gaskets 45.

During the further movement of the pis ton member 6 after the port 30'has been covered by the gasket 41, and in the event that the motive fluid should leak past said gasket and reach the pressure surface of the .piston 6 as heretofore explained, the valve ports 81 above" the heads 55 of the valve members 54.

In the form of construction shown in Figs. 8 to 11 inclusive, the piston chambers 82 of the cartridge bar 83, contain but a single piston member 84. As shown in the drawing these piston chambers are open on the lower side of the bar and the pistons are intended to be projecteddownwardly. Each piston is provided at its upper extremity with a cup leather or gasket 85 which is held in place by a screw collar 86 which is threaded into the body of the piston as shownyat 87 and holds the gasket securely in place. inner surface of the wall of the piston chamber and forms a fluid tight joint. The cartridge bar is provided with a depending sleeve or barrel 88 whose upper extremity threaded sleeve 92 which is screwed upon the lower extremity of the sleeve 88. This disk 91 is provided with a central opening to receive the stem 93 of a'valve 94 which when the piston is in the closed position engages the upper extremity of the sleeve 88 which is closed except for a perforation 95 which communicates with a passage 96 for motive fluid. The up er extremity or head 97 of the valve 94 H1 s the chamber of the sleeve 88, its outer edge being provided with recesses 98 through which the motivefluid passes tothe chamber 99 of the sleeve 88 when the piston is at itsinward limit of movement. The disk 91 is further provided with interior recesses 100 throughwhich the motive fluid is. allowed to pass from the chamber 99 to the pressure surface 101 of the piston. The piston is further provided with vertical grooves 102 through which the motive fluid travels upwardly to thepressure surface 103 of the upper portion of the piston. The central lower portion of the piston is bored to receive the head 104 of a screw which is applied to the lower extremity of the stem 93 of the valve 94. Above the head 104 of this screw is a cavity 105 in which is located a heavy spiral spring 106. Below the head 104 of the screw the piston is counterbored to receive a nut 78 whose lower surface is flush with the bottom of the iston wall, its upper surface engaging the ead of the screw.

In the operation of this form of construction, as the motive fluid enters the passage 96 andflows through the port 95, it enters the chamber 99 of the sleeve 88' and passes This gasket closely engages the thence to the pressure surfaces 101 and'103 of the piston as heretofore explained. As the piston moves out of its chamber in the bar in a downward direction, the valve member 94 travels with it and the movement of the piston continues until the head 97 of the valve member engages the gasket 90, in which event the recesses 100 together with registering recesses formed in the gasket 90 will be closed, thus cutting ofl the motive fluid from the pressure surfaces of the piston. If however the motive fluid should by any possibility leak past the head 97 of the valve member and reach the pressure surfaces of the piston and impart further move ment thereto, such movement would be permitted by virtue of the yielding capacity of the spiral spring 106. This spring will permit suflicient movement to uncover a relief port 107 from which the motive fluid is normally. cut off by the gasket 85. However when the abnormal movement of the piston just explained occurs, the gasket 85 passes below this port and allows the motive fluidto escape, thus relieving the piston from further travel. a.

In the form of construction shown in Figs. 12 and 13, the piston 108 is provided on opposite sides with columns 109 which are movable in auxiliary chambers 110. The lower extremities 'of these columns are threaded into the base 112 of the piston as shown at 113. The lower extremity of a valve stem 114 of a valve 214 is threaded into a disk 115 to which a gasket 116 is applied being secured in place by a nut 117. This disk 115 is located in the bottom of a central chamber 217 formed in the body of the piston. The stemof the valve passes through a central opening-in the bottom of 5 a sleeve 118 which is substantially of the same construction as the corresponding element in Figs. 8 and 9. The upper extremity of the valve is equipped with a head or valve piece 119-having recesses 120 in its outer edge to allow the motive fluid which enters the port 121 from the passage 122, to pass downwardly into the chamber 123 of the barrel or sleeve 118. This motive fluid passes through openings 124 in a gasket125 and registering openings 127 in the bottom of the sleeve. In this case the motive fluid acts on the lower extremity of the valve which being in the bottom of thechamber 217 of the piston, forms one of the pressure surfaces of the piston. The motive fluid also passes through vertically disposed grooves 126, into a chamber 128 above the upper extremity of the piston and acts upon this extremity which constitutes a pressure surface. As the piston is projected to its normal limit of outward movement, the head 119 of the valve engages the gasket 125 and closes the perforations 124 in the gasket and prevents the motive fluid from reaching the 130 springs 130 located in the bottoms ofthe chambers 110, these springs resting on nuts 131 threaded into the lower extremities of these chambers. In the event that the valve piece 119 should not be effective in preventing the passage of the motive fluid to the pressure surfaces of the piston, in other words if this motive fluid should leak past this valve piece and reach such pressure surfaces, the iston may be further projected without injury to the cartridge, by virtue of the yielding capacity of the springs 130. During the further projection of the piston due to the yielding of these springs, relief ports 132 leading from the lower portion of the piston chamber 128 to the outer surface of the cartridge, are uncovered allowing the motive fluid to escape, thus preventing injury to the structure.

In the construction shown in Figs. 14 to 16 inclusive, a sleeve 133, receives the motive fluid in its chamber 134 from a passage 135 through a port 136. This motive fluid passes-through a port 137 at the upper extremity of the sleeve andflows thence downwardly through a passage 138 and enters the chamber 134 through a port 139 located at the bottom of the sleeve. The upper' extremity of the stem 140 of the valve 141, is equipped with a gasket 142, which when the piston is at its normal limit of outward movement, closes the port .143 and prevents the motive fluid from entering the piston chamber 144 above the piston. At the same time the upper extremity of the valve stem through the medium of the gasket 142 closes ports 145 in the bottom -i the sleeve 133 and cuts off communication between sleeve 133 and the piston chamber which the said sleeve enters when the piston is in the closed position. ing past the gasket 142 should manage to reach the pressure su faces .of the piston, the upper extremities of the columns 147 which engage spiral springs 148, will yield to allow the piston to move sutliciently to motive fluid escapes, relieving the pressure surfaces of the piston and preventing damage to the cartridge.

As the operation of the various forms of the apparatus has been described in connection with the description of each form, it is believed that further detailed explanation of such operation will be unnecessary.

Attention is called to the fact that the sleeve or barrel 26 (see Fig. 4) 88 (see Figs. 8 and 9); 118 (see Figs. 12 and 13) and 133 (see Figs. 14 and 15), and columns 9 i and 10, Figs. 4 and 7, while shown threaded If however the motive fluid by leakinto the bar, must be understood as formed virtually integral therewith as by brazing or electric welding, in order to prevent any possible leakage which would result if their connection with the bar were by screw threads only. These barrel members are indicated as threaded into the bar, for the purpose that it is necessary or at least highly desirable from a standpoint of convenience of construction, to form these devices separate from the bar and afterward assemble them as the pistons are put in place.

Between the nut 7 8 and a shoulder on the piston 84, is located a gasket 150 which maintains a tight joint to prevent the escape of the water when acting on the pressure surfaces 101.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim is,

1. A hydraulic cartridge including a bar having a chamber, a piston therein, means for introducing motive fluid to the chamber having a chamber, a piston therein, means for introducing motive fluid to the chamber for the projection of the piston, and means actuated by the pistonfor automatically cutting off the supply of 'motive fluid when the piston has reached its desired limit of outward movement.

3. A hydraulic cartridge including a bar having a chamber, a piston therein, means for introducing motive fluid to the chamber for the projection of the piston, and means carried by the piston for automatically cutting off the supply of motive fluid when the piston has reached a predetermined limit of outward travel.

4. A hydraulic cartridge including a bar having a chamber, a piston therein, means I l b uncover a relief port 149 through which the C u mg a Va Ve mem er 5. A hydraulic cartridge including a bar having a chamber, a piston therein, means for introducing motive fluid to the chamber for the projection of the piston, and means carried by the piston for automatically cutting off the supply of motivev fluid when the piston has reached a predetermined limit of outward travel, said means including a valve member, the bar having a-sleeve or barrel into which the valve member extends and through which the motive fluid passes to the pressure surface of the piston.

6. A hydraulic cartridge comprising a bar having a main chamber and two auxiliary chambers, a piston having a main member and two auxiliary members located respectively in the main and auxiliary chambers, the bar having a barrel member centrally arranged in the main chamber, the piston member having a valve extending into said barrel, and means for introducing motive fluid to the pressure surfaces of the main piston member through the said barrel, the said valve being arranged to cut off the motive fluid when' he piston has reached a predetermined outward limit of movement, and, springs in the auxiliary chambers adapted to be engaged by the auxiliary piston members for permitting further movement of the piston after the said valve is closed, the bar having a relief port communicating wlth the main chamber of the piston and arranged to be uncovered by the piston during such further movement.

7. A hydraulic cartridge including a bar having a main chamber and two auxiliary chambers arranged on opposite sides of the main chamlber, apiston having a main member and two auxiliary members respectively located in .the main and auxiliary chambers, the bar having a barrel member centrally arranged within the main chamber, the main piston member having a valve extending into the said barrel, means for introducing motive fluid to the pressure surfaces of the main piston member through the said barrel, the said valve being arranged to cut off the supply of motive fluid when the piston has reached a predetermined outward limit of movement, and springs located at the lower extremities of the auxiliary chambers and adapted to be engaged by the auxiliary piston members for permitting further movement of the piston after the said valve is closed, the upper extremities of the auxiliary piston members having exteriorly projecting shoulders adapted to engage the said springs.

8. A hydraulic cartridge including a bar having a main chamber and two auxiliary chambers, a piston having a main member and two auxiliary members respectively located in the main and auxiliary chambers, the bar having a barrel centrally located in the main chamber, the main piston member having a valve extending into said barrel, means for introducing motive fluid to the pressure surfaces of the main piston member through the said barrel, the valve being arranged to cut off the supply of motive fluid when the piston has reached a predetermined limit of outward travel, the lower extremities of the'auxiliary chambers being closed, springs supported in the lower extremities of the auxiliary chambers, the upper extremities of the auxiliary piston members having collars adapted to engage said springs when the said valve is in the closed position, the springs serving to permitfurther outward travel of the piston, the bar being provided with a relief port in communication with the auxiliary chambers and arranged to be uncovered by the auxiliary piston members duringthe further travel of the piston.

9. A hydraulic cartridge including a bar having achamber, a piston therein, means for introducing motive fluid to the chamber for the projection of the piston, means actuated by the piston for automatically cutting off the supply of motive fluid when the pis ton has reached its desired limit of outward 11. A hydraulic cartridge including a bar having a chamber, a piston therein, means for introducing fluid to the chamber for the projection of'the piston, means carried by the piston for automatically cutting off the supply of motive fluid when the piston has reached a predetermined outward movement, said last named means including a valve member, and a fluid controlling valve connected with said valve member.

12. A hydraulic cartridge including a bar having a chamber, a piston therein, means for introducing motive fluid for the projection of the piston, means carried by the piston for automatically cutting off the supply of motive fluid when the piston has reached a predetermined limit of outward travel, said means including a valve member, said bar having a sleeve or barrel into which the valve member extends and through which the motive fluid passes to the pressure surface of the piston, and a fluid controlling valve located within the barrel and connected and cooperating with the valve member to enable the latter to perform its function.

13. A hydraulic cartridge comprising a chamber, a barrel carried by the bar and centrally arranged within said chamber, a piston in the said chamber, means for introducing motive fluid through the barrel to the pressure surfaces of the piston, the latter being provided with a valve member extending into the barrel for cutting off the supply of motive fluid when the piston has reached the desired limit of travel.

14. A hydraulic cartridge comprising a bar having a chamber, a piston within the chamber, a barrel member carried by the bar and centrally arranged within the chamber, means for introducing motive fluid through the barrel to the pressure surfaces of the piston, said piston having a valve member extending into the barrel member one of said members having a gasket to facilitate the cutting off of the motive fluid when the piston has reached the desired limit of outward travel.

15, A hydraulic cartridge comprising a bar having a chamber, a piston therein, means for introducing motive fluid to the pressure surfaces of the piston, the piston having a who member to cut 0H the supply of motive fiuld when the piston has reached 

